diff --git a/Makefile.am b/Makefile.am
index 6334b561e6..013f424f71 100644
--- a/Makefile.am
+++ b/Makefile.am
@@ -326,6 +326,7 @@ MANPAGES = \
man/systemd.target.5 \
man/systemd.device.5 \
man/systemd.snapshot.5 \
+ man/systemd.exec.5 \
man/daemon.7 \
man/sd-daemon.7 \
man/runlevel.8 \
diff --git a/man/systemd.automount.xml b/man/systemd.automount.xml
index b7777387ea..d1e04f6138 100644
--- a/man/systemd.automount.xml
+++ b/man/systemd.automount.xml
@@ -139,12 +139,14 @@
DirectoryMode=
- Directories of automount
- points (and any parent directories)
- are automatically created if
- needed. This option specifies the file
- system access mode used when creating
- these directories. Defaults to
+ Directories of
+ automount points (and any parent
+ directories) are automatically created
+ if needed. This option specifies the
+ file system access mode used when
+ creating these directories. Takes an
+ access mode in octal
+ notation. Defaults to
0755.
diff --git a/man/systemd.exec.xml b/man/systemd.exec.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6e9051db74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/systemd.exec.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,740 @@
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ systemd.exec
+ systemd
+
+
+
+ Developer
+ Lennart
+ Poettering
+ lennart@poettering.net
+
+
+
+
+
+ systemd.exec
+ 5
+
+
+
+ systemd.exec
+ systemd execution environment configuration
+
+
+
+ systemd.service,
+ systemd.socket,
+ systemd.mount
+
+
+
+ Description
+
+ Unit configuration files for services, sockets
+ and mount points share a subset of configuration
+ options which define the execution environment of
+ spawned processes.
+
+ This man page lists the configuration options
+ shared by these three unit types. See
+ systemd.unit5
+ for the common options of all unit configuration
+ files, and
+ systemd.service5, systemd.socket5
+ and
+ systemd.mount5
+ for more information on the specific unit
+ configuration files. The execution specific
+ configuration options are configured in the [Service],
+ [Socket] resp. [Mount] section, depending on the unit
+ type.
+
+
+
+ Options
+
+
+
+
+ WorkingDirectory=
+
+ Takes an absolute
+ directory path. Sets the working
+ directory for executed
+ processes.
+
+
+
+ RootDirectory=
+
+ Takes an absolute
+ directory path. Sets the root
+ directory for executed processes, with
+ the
+ chroot2
+ system call. If this is used it must
+ be ensured that the process and all
+ its auxiliary files are available in
+ the chroot()
+ jail.
+
+
+
+ User=
+ Group=
+
+ Sets the Unix user
+ resp. group the processes are executed
+ as. Takes a single user resp. group
+ name or ID as argument. If no group is
+ set the default group of the user is
+ chosen.
+
+
+
+ SupplementaryGroups=
+
+ Sets the supplementary
+ Unix groups the processes are executed
+ as. This takes a space seperated list
+ of group names or IDs. This option may
+ be specified more than once in which
+ case all listed groups are set as
+ supplementary groups. This option does
+ not override but extend the list of
+ supplementary groups configured in the
+ system group database for the
+ user.
+
+
+
+ Nice=
+
+ Sets the default nice
+ level (scheduling priority) for
+ executed processes. Takes an integer
+ between -20 (highest priority) and 19
+ (lowest priority). See
+ setpriority2
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ OOMAdjust=
+
+ Sets the adjustment
+ level for the Out-Of-Memory killer for
+ executed processes. Takes an integer
+ between -17 (to disable OOM killing
+ for this process) and 15 (to make
+ killing of this process under memory
+ pressure very likely). See proc.txt
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ IOSchedulingClass=
+
+ Sets the IO scheduling
+ class for executed processes. Takes an
+ integer between 0 and 3 or one of the
+ strings ,
+ ,
+ or
+ . See
+ ioprio_set2
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ IOSchedulingPriority=
+
+ Sets the IO scheduling
+ priority for executed processes. Takes
+ an integer between 0 (highest
+ priority) and 7 (lowest priority). The
+ available priorities depend on the
+ selected IO scheduling class (see
+ above). See
+ ioprio_set2
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ CPUSchedulingPolicy=
+
+ Sets the CPU
+ scheduling policy for executed
+ processes. Takes one of
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ or
+ . See
+ sched_setscheduler2
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ CPUSchedulingPriority=
+
+ Sets the CPU
+ scheduling priority for executed
+ processes. Takes an integer between 1
+ (lowest priority) and 99 (highest
+ priority). The available priority
+ range depends on the selected CPU
+ scheduling policy (see above). See
+ sched_setscheduler2
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ CPUSchedulingResetOnFork=
+
+ Takes a boolean
+ argument. If true elevated CPU
+ scheduling priorities and policies
+ will be reset when the executed
+ processes fork, and can hence not leak
+ into child processes. See
+ sched_setscheduler2
+ for details. Defaults to false.
+
+
+
+ CPUAffinity=
+
+ Controls the CPU
+ affinity of the executed
+ processes. Takes a space-seperated
+ list of CPU indexes. See
+ sched_setaffinity2
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ UMask=
+
+ Controls the file mode
+ creation mask. Takes an access mode in
+ octal notation. See
+ umask2
+ for details. Defaults to
+ 0002.
+
+
+
+ Environment=
+
+ Sets environment
+ variables for executed
+ processes. Takes a space-seperated
+ list of variable assignments. This
+ option may be specified more than once
+ in which case all listed variables
+ will be set. If the same variable is
+ set twice the later setting will
+ override the earlier setting. See
+ environ7
+ for details.
+
+
+ EnvironmentFile=
+ Similar to
+ Environment= but
+ reads the environment variables from a
+ text file. The text file should
+ contain new-line seperated variable
+ assignments. Empty lines and lines
+ starting with ; or # will be ignored,
+ which may be used for
+ commenting.
+
+
+
+ StandardInput=
+ Controls where file
+ descriptor 0 (STDIN) of the executed
+ processes is connected to. Takes one
+ of ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ or
+ . If
+ is selected
+ standard input will be connected to
+ /dev/null,
+ i.e. all read attempts by the process
+ will result in immediate EOF. If
+ is selected
+ standard input is connected to a TTY
+ (as configured by
+ TTYPath=, see
+ below) and the executed process
+ becomes the controlling process of the
+ terminal. If the terminal is already
+ being controlled by another process it
+ is waited until that process releases
+ the
+ terminal.
+ is similar to ,
+ but the executed process is forcefully
+ and immediately made the controlling
+ process of the terminal, potentially
+ removing previous controlling
+ processes from the
+ terminal. is
+ similar to but if
+ the terminal already has a controlling
+ process start-up of the executed
+ process fails. The
+ option is only
+ valid in socket-activated services,
+ and only when the socket configuration
+ file (see
+ systemd.socket5
+ for details) specifies a single socket
+ only. If this option is set standard
+ input will be connected to the socket
+ the service was activated from, which
+ is primarily useful for compatibility
+ with daemons designed for use with the
+ traditional
+ inetd8
+ daemon. This setting defaults to
+ .
+
+
+ StandardOutput=
+ Controls where file
+ descriptor 1 (STDOUT) of the executed
+ processes is connected to. Takes one
+ of ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ or
+ . If set to
+ the file
+ descriptor of standard input is
+ duplicated for standard output. If set
+ to standard
+ output will be connected to
+ /dev/null,
+ i.e. everything written to it will be
+ lost. If set to
+ standard output will be connected to a
+ tty (as configured via
+ TTYPath=, see
+ below). If the TTY is used for output
+ only the executed process will not
+ become the controlling process of the
+ terminal, and will not fail or wait
+ for other processes to release the
+ terminal.
+ connects standard output to the
+ syslog3
+ system logger.
+ connects it with the kernel log buffer
+ which is accessible via
+ dmesg1.
+ connects standard output to a socket
+ from socket activation, semantics are
+ similar to the respective option of
+ StandardInput=.
+ This setting defaults to
+ .
+
+
+ StandardOutput=
+ Controls where file
+ descriptor 2 (STDERR) of the executed
+ processes is connected to. The
+ available options are identical to
+ those of
+ StandardError=,
+ whith one exception: if set to
+ the file
+ descriptor used for standard output is
+ duplicated for standard error. This
+ setting defaults to
+ .
+
+
+ TTYPath=
+ Sets the terminal
+ device node to use if standard input,
+ output or stderr are connected to a
+ TTY (see above). Defaults to
+ /dev/console.
+
+
+ SyslogIdentifer=
+ Sets the process name
+ to prefix log lines sent to syslog or
+ the kernel log buffer with. If not set
+ defaults to the process name of the
+ executed process. This option is only
+ useful when
+ StandardOutput= or
+ StandardError= are
+ set to or
+ .
+
+
+ SyslogFacility=
+ Sets the syslog
+ facility to use when logging to
+ syslog. One of ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ or
+ . See
+ syslog3
+ for details. This option is only
+ useful when
+ StandardOutput= or
+ StandardError= are
+ set to .
+ Defaults to
+ .
+
+
+ SyslogLevel=
+ Default syslog level
+ to use when logging to syslog or the
+ kernel log buffer. One of
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ . See
+ syslog3
+ for details. This option is only
+ useful when
+ StandardOutput= or
+ StandardError= are
+ set to or
+ . Note that
+ individual lines output by the daemon
+ might be prefixed with a different log
+ level which can be used to override
+ the default log level specified
+ here. The interpretation of these
+ prefixes may be disabled with
+ SyslogNoPrefix=,
+ see below. For details see
+ sd-daemon7.
+
+ Defaults to
+ .
+
+
+
+ SyslogNoPrefix=
+ Takes a boolean
+ argument. If false and
+ StandardOutput= or
+ StandardError= are
+ set to or
+ log lines
+ written by the executed process that
+ are prefixed with a log level will be
+ passed on to syslog with this log
+ level set but the prefix removed. If
+ set to true, the interpretation of
+ these prefixes is disabled and the
+ logged lines are passed on as-is. For
+ details about this prefixing see
+ sd-daemon7.
+ Defaults to false.
+
+
+
+ TimerSlackNS=
+ Sets the timer slack
+ in nanoseconds for the executed
+ processes The timer slack controls the accuracy
+ of wake-ups triggered by timers. See
+ prctl2
+ for more information.
+
+
+
+ LimitCPU=
+ LimitFSIZE=
+ LimitDATA=
+ LimitSTACK=
+ LimitCORE=
+ LimitRSS=
+ LimitNOFILE=
+ LimitAS=
+ LimitNPROC=
+ LimitMEMLOCK=
+ LimitLOCKS=
+ LimitSIGPENDING=
+ LimitMSGQUEUE=
+ LimitNICE=
+ LimitRTPRIO=
+ LimitRTTIME=
+ These settings control
+ various resource limits for executed
+ processes. See
+ setrlimit2
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ PAMName=
+ Sets the PAM service
+ name to set up a session as. If set
+ the executed process will be
+ registered as a PAM session under the
+ specified service name. This is only
+ useful in conjunction with the
+ User= setting. If
+ not set no PAM session will be opened
+ for the executed processes. See
+ pam8
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ TCPWrapName=
+ If this is a
+ socket-activated service this sets the
+ tcpwrap service name to check the
+ permission for the current connection
+ with. This is only useful in
+ conjunction with socket-activated
+ services, and stream sockets (TCP) in
+ particular. It has no effect on other
+ socket types (e.g. datagram/UDP) and on processes
+ unrelated to socket-based
+ activation. If the tcpwrap
+ verification fails daemon start-up
+ will fail and the connection is
+ terminated. See
+ tcpd8
+ for details.
+
+
+
+ Capabilities=
+ Controls the
+ capabilities7
+ set for the executed process. Take a
+ capability string as described in
+ cap_from_text3.
+ Note that this capability set is
+ usually influenced by the capabilities
+ attached to the executed
+ file.
+
+
+
+ SecureBits=
+ Controls the secure
+ bits set for the executed process. See
+ capabilities7
+ for details. Takes a list of strings:
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ and/or
+ .
+
+
+
+
+ CapabilityBoundingSetDrop=
+
+ Controls the
+ capability bounding set drop set for
+ the executed process. See
+ capabilities7
+ for details. Takes a list of
+ capability names as read by
+ cap_from_name3.
+
+
+
+
+ ControlGroup=
+
+ Controls the control
+ groups the executed processes shall be
+ made member of. Takes a
+ space-seperated list of cgroup
+ identifiers. A cgroup identifier has a
+ format like
+ cpu:/foo/bar,
+ where "cpu" identifies the kernel
+ control group controller used, and
+ /foo/bar is the
+ control group path. The controller name
+ and ":" may be omitted in which case
+ the named systemd control group
+ hierarchy is implied. Alternatively,
+ the path and ":" may be omitted, in
+ which case the default control group
+ path for this unit is implied. This
+ option may be used to place executed
+ processes in arbitrary groups in
+ arbitrary hierachies -- which can be
+ configured externally with additional execution limits. By default
+ systemd will place all executed
+ processes in seperate per-unit control
+ groups (named after the unit) in the
+ systemd named hierarchy. Since every
+ process can be in one group per
+ hierarchy only overriding the control group
+ path in the named systemd hierarchy
+ will disable automatic placement in
+ the default group. For details about control
+ groups see cgroups.txt.
+
+
+
+ ReadWriteDirectories=
+ ReadOnlyDirectories=
+ InaccessibleDirectories=
+
+ Sets up a new
+ file-system name space for executed
+ processes. These options may be used
+ to limit access a process might have
+ to the main file-system
+ hierarchy. Each setting takes a
+ space-seperated list of absolute
+ directory paths. Directories listed in
+ ReadWriteDirectories=
+ are accessible from within the
+ namespace with the same access rights
+ as from outside. Directories listed in
+ ReadOnlyDirectories=
+ are accessible for reading only,
+ writing will be refused even if the
+ usual file access controls would
+ permit this. Directories listed in
+ InaccessibleDirectories=
+ will be made inaccesible for processes
+ inside the namespace. Note that
+ restricting access with these options
+ does not extend to submounts of a
+ directory. You must list submounts
+ seperately in these setttings to
+ ensure the same limited access. These
+ options may be specified more than
+ once in which case all directories
+ listed will have limited access from
+ within the
+ namespace.
+
+
+
+ PrivateTmp=
+
+ Takes a boolean
+ argument. If true sets up a new
+ namespace for the executed processes
+ and mounts a private
+ /tmp directory
+ inside it, that is not shared by
+ processes outside of the
+ namespace. This is useful to secure
+ access to temporary files of the
+ process, but makes sharing between
+ processes via
+ /tmp
+ impossible. Defaults to false.
+
+
+
+ MountFlags=
+
+ Takes a mount
+ propagation flag:
+ ,
+ or
+ , which
+ control whether namespaces set up with
+ ReadWriteDirectories=,
+ ReadOnlyDirectories=
+ and
+ InaccessibleDirectories=
+ receive or propagate new mounts
+ from/to the main namespace. See
+ mount1
+ for details. Defaults to
+ , i.e. the new
+ namespace will both receive new mount
+ points from the main namespace as well
+ as propagate new mounts to
+ it.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ See Also
+
+ systemd8,
+ systemctl8,
+ systemd.unit5,
+ systemd.service5,
+ systemd.socket5,
+ systemd.mount5
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/man/systemd.mount.xml b/man/systemd.mount.xml
index a186bf89a1..45173b55fd 100644
--- a/man/systemd.mount.xml
+++ b/man/systemd.mount.xml
@@ -191,7 +191,8 @@
are automatically created if
needed. This option specifies the file
system access mode used when creating
- these directories. Defaults to
+ these directories. Takes an access
+ mode in octal notation. Defaults to
0755.
diff --git a/man/systemd.socket.xml b/man/systemd.socket.xml
index 81f9deab36..986ef8c018 100644
--- a/man/systemd.socket.xml
+++ b/man/systemd.socket.xml
@@ -251,8 +251,10 @@
directories are automatically created
if needed. This option specifies the
file system access mode used when
- creating these directories. Defaults
- to 0755.
+ creating these directories. Takes an
+ access mode in octal
+ notation. Defaults to
+ 0755.
@@ -261,7 +263,8 @@
system socket of FIFO, this option
specifies the file system access mode
used when creating the file
- node. Defaults to
+ node. Takes an access mode in octal
+ notation. Defaults to
0666.